Thanks to Dr. Ranbir Singh, Sardar Ajmel Singh, Bhai Mandeep Singh, and Bibi Madhu Kaur for compiling the first list of definitions presented on this page.
We encourage people to add to our list by sending your suggestions and comments at E-mail: Singh@singhsabha.com 

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z #

Select the first letter of the word from the list above to jump to appropriate section of the glossary. If the term you are looking for starts with a digit or symbol, choose the '#' link.

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3HO Foundation the "Healthy, Happy and Holy" organisation founded by Yogi Bhajan in the United States in the late 1960s. It teaches Kundalini yoga as a means of attaining the "Healthy, Happy and Holy" state.

5 Ks These are five religious symbols worn by every Khalsa Sikh.These symbols all begin with the letter K. In Punjabi Kaccha is a short baggy undergarment. A practical item of clothing, it also signifies sexual restraint. Kanga, a comb is used to keep the uncut hair tidy, but also symbolizes disciplined living. Kara a steel bangle protected the wrist in battle symbolizes God's strength and infinity. It is usually worn on the right hand, the hand of action, as a reminder of the Khalsa commitment.
- A -

Aanoop

Him

Aadhaar(i)

Support

Aaradhia

Meditate

Abinaasee

Imperisable

Ad Primal One, Primal Being, in the beginning

Adharam

Without Justification, unreligious 

Agaadhey

Unfathomable

Agam

Unapproachable

Akal eternal
 

Akali Dal the Sikh political party in Punjab

Akal Purakh "The Being Beyond Time", a name for God

Akal Takht "Eternal Throne", the seat of temporal authority in the holy city of Amritsar. The building, which is located in the Golden Temple complex, was severely damaged in the Indian army attack in 1984.

 

Alipt

Apart

Amrit

Nector; Sweet Water; Khande-Ki-Pahul (Khalsa Initiation Cermony)

 

Amolok

Priceless

Amritsar "Pool of Nectar" - the holy city of the Sikhs, where the Golden Temple is located.

 

Anand

Bliss; Joy

Anandpur Sahib the town in Punjab where the Khalsa was founded.

 

A(n)deyraa

Darkness

A(n)deysaa

Anxiety

Andin(i)

Night and Day

A(n)tar(i)

Mind

Apraadhee

Sinner

Ardaas

Prayer, an earnest request

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Baan

Arrow, Restriction

Baanee or Bani

Generally the Words of Guru jis are called Baani or Gurbaani

 

Baarik

Child

Bakhsh

Pardon

Balihaaree

Sacrifice

Bandee

Maid; Servant

Baoraa

Foolish, Petty

Baptism a misleading term borrowed from Christianity which is sometimes used to describe initiation into the Khalsa.

Basa(n)t

To Dwell

Beyrdai

Ship

Bhaag

Fortunate

Bhaanai

Will

Bhaey

to transform

Bhagat

Serf

Bhagautee

Supreme Power; Akal Purkh (God); Khanda; Sword

 

Bhaanney

Absolute Submissin To God’s Will

 

Bharniaa

To Utter

Bharosa

True Hope, Belief, confidence

 

Bheyttat

To Meet

Bhindranwale, Jarnail Singh a charismatic preacher and leader of a group of militants who were killed in the Indian army attack on the Golden Temple in 1984.

Bhojan

Food

Bibek

Be Able to Distinguish/Differentiate Good From Bad per Gurmat

 

Bidh(i)

Way

Bikhai

Sin, Evil, Posion

Bipat

Restlessness

Bir Sahib

Original Granth Sahib ji By 5^th Guru ji

 

Biseykhaa

Well; Good

Bol Baaley

Oh God! Grant Khalsa Voice of Success, Strength, and Prosperity

Bole Sonehal -
Sat Sri Akal a spiritually uplifting cry and response often heard at Sikh gatherings. Literally translated, it means, "He will be spiritually uplifted who says - God's truth is eternal."

 

Boojhai

To Realize

Bungey

Place Of Abode or Institutions for The Prosperity of The Sikh Religion

 

Byrd

Nature; Habit; Quality ; Daily Religious Practices, Meditation, Nit-Name, Righteousness etc.

 

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Chaakar

Attendant

Chaard(i)

To Embark

Chakharnaa

To Eat

Chalai

Go; To Walk

Chanchal clever, smart, cunning

Chandani

Cloth Canopy over Sri Guru Granth Sahib ji

 

Chandigarh the capital of the modern-day Indian state of Punjab

Chowr Sahib

A Fly-whisk

 

Char-di-kala

High Spirits; Dynamic Optimism at its peak- Optimism Summit; The Waxing Mood - Nothing deters from achieving goals. State of Mind that never despairs, never admits defeat, and refuses to be crushed by adversaries. Always in high spirts-Alert, Observes, Plans & takes Action.

 

Chatur

Wise

Chaunki-a(n)

Means of Alerting From Being Robbed of Spirtual Qualities, Righteousness, or Religious Prosperity- e.g. Kirtan

Cheet

Mind

Cheyt

To Think

Chhodiaa

To Make

Chit

Mind

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Daan

Charity, Generosity; Give to others (particularly needy)

 

Daana-Sir-Daan

Ultimate Charity - "Naam" (God)

 

Daas

Slave

Damdama Sahib

Located in Sabo Ki Talwandi, Punjab. It is were the final recitation of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji was done.

Daragah

His Court

Daras

Vision

Darshan

Sight; Vision

Dasam Tenth

   

Dasta

Hilt

Dastaar

Turban not one of the 5Ks, but an additional symbol worn by male initiates into the Khalsa as well as many non-initiated male Sikhs who grow their hair long in the Khalsa tradition.

 

  Daya

Compassion, Pity

DDeetthaa

To Have Seen

Deejai

To Give

Deg

Karah Parshaad

 

Deg Vaahee

Accomplished Langar & Karah Parsaad Distributions

 

Dha(n)n(i)

Blest

Dharam

Religion, Devotion

 

Dharam Khand

The Realm of Righteousnous. Wherein exists the physical.

Dhiaye

To Bring To Mind; Concentrate; Think Hard

 

Dinas

Day

Diwaan

Congregation; Assembly

 

Dohra

Two lined couplet

Dooja

Second; Other

Doot

Death's Courier; Evil Passions

Drisat(i)

Glance

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Ek onkaar "There is only one God and Creator" - first line of Guru Nanak's Mul Mantra which is recited by every Khalsa Sikh each morning

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Fateh

Victory; Greeting

 

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Gaatra

A sash slung over the shoulder around the neck to hold kirpaan

 

Gaavar

Ignorant

Garabh(i)

Womb

Gatka the Sikh martial arts form

Ghaal

Service

Ghat

Heart

Giaan Khand

The Realm of Divine Knowledge. Wherein exists those that have transcended the physical.

Golden Temple The holiest shrine of the Sikhs, located in Amritsar. Sikhs call it the Harimandir Sahib.

Gora Sikhs White converts to the Sikh faith

Granth Any big and voluminous book. short for Guru Granth Sahib

Granthi

Appointed reader of Sri Guru Granth Sahib ji

 

Gurbaanee

The Gurus' Word. Divinely revealed hymns. Our religion is the only one of its kind that has the GREAT benefit of having our own Prophets record their hymns, in order to eradicate controversy. Gurbaani is written in the volume of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Jee (Sikh holy book) by the fifth Guru (Guru Arjaan Dayv Jee) and tenth Guru (Guru Gobind Singh Jee).

 

Gurdwara

House of the Sikhs' Guru;

Gurmat

Principles of Sikhism as outlined by Sikh Gurus and saints in Guru Granth Sahib

 

Gurmata

Resolve of Gursikhs based on teachings of Guru jis

 

Gurmukhee

Punjabi Script used in Sri Guru Granth Sahib ji

Gurn

Virtue

Gurnheern

Virtueless

Gurparsaadee

Guru's Favor

Gurpurb A festival celebrated in honor of a Sikh Guru

Gursikhee

Of Sikh orientated values as directly propogated by the Guru.

Guru

Enlightener. GU (darkness) RU (light); One who brings light into darkness. A teacher.

Guru

a spiritual teacher. The Sikhs had 10 living Gurus, the last of whom, Guru Gobind Singh, transferred the Guruship to the holy scriptures and the community. The scriptures are therefore also referred to as the Guru.

Guru Arjan the fifth Guru of the Sikhs and their first martyr. It was on his martyrdom day in June 1984 that the Indian army attacked the Golden Temple.

Guru Granth Sahib the Sikh holy scriptures, which contain poetry by the Sikh Gurus as well as Hindus and Muslims.

Guru Gobind Singh the 10th and last living Guru of the Sikhs who founded the Khalsa in 1699. An eminent linguist, poet and scholar, he decreed that there should be no further living gurus after him. He died in 1708.

Guru Hargobind the 6th Guru of the Sikhs. Following the martyrdom of his father, Guru Arjan, he was the first Guru to maintain a standing army and symbolically wear two swords, representing spiritual and temporal power.

Guru Har Krishan the 8th Guru of the Sikhs, who was only 5 years old when he became Guru in 1661 and died three years later.

Guru Nanak the founder of the Sikh faith. Born in 1469, he began his mission by proclaiming that there is "neither Hindu nor Muslim," meaning that God is not interested in outward religious distinctions. He preached against caste and advocated the equality of women.

Guru Teg Bahadur the 9th Guru of the Sikhs, who was killed by the Moghul rulers in 1675 for defending Hindus facing forcible conversion to Islam.
Guru Granth Sahib the Sikh holy scriptures, which contain poetry (Gurbaani)by the Sikh Gurus as well as Hindus and Muslim saints
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Guru Panth

The Collection of Amritdharis (Guides temporal aspect of Sikhism)

 

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Haardaa

Defeat

Hathtee-a(n)

Those Who Were Firm In Religion and Its’ Beliefs & Values

 

Sir Hazoor Sahib

Located in Nandar, Deccan. It is were Gurship of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji was given.

Heern

Coward

Heyt

Love

Hoie

To Obtain

Hukam

Order of Akal Purakh or Guru jis

 

Hukamnama

Orders isued by Guru jis, Now by the Guru Panth

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Iaan

Silly

Isnaan

Purity of Mind, Body or Environment

Itihaas

History

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Jaachik

Beggar; Servant

Jaah(i)

Depart

Jaakai

Whose; Whom

Jag

World

Jaikaara

Slogan of Victory

 

Ja(n)daar

Rod for Beating

Japji Sahib a prayer by Guru Nanak which marks the beginning of each day for every Khalsa Sikh.

Jappee-a(n)

Those Who Meditated On Naam & Gurbani

 

 

Jatha

Group

 

Jati

One who controls his senses per Gurmat

Jat land-owning farmer, one of Punjab's occupational caste groups.

 

Jee-oo

Dear

Jeyvad

Great

Jhandey

Flags; Banners- Signifies, Symbolizes, Reprsents Values of a Nation, Institution, or Religion

 

Jindareeay

Oh Life!

Jit

What; Whatever

Jot

Light

 

Jotee

Supreme Light

Joti Jot

Infusion of light of life back with it’s Source i.e. Akal Purakh

Jug

Age; Middle Age

Juari

Gambler

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Kaaj(i)

Avail

Kaararn(u)

Creaton

Kaardaa

Buring

Kakaars

Five Articles(K's) of Sikhism- Gifts of God

 

 

Kal(i)

Strife

Kaleys

Sufferings

Ka(n)chan

Gold

Kanga

Comb

 

Kachhera

Shorts

 

Kara

Iron Bracelet

Karah-parsaad food offering by Guru's Rrace

 

Karam Khand

The Realm of Spirtual Action. Wherein those that have become totally spirtual.

Kararnee deeds

Karmee

Doings; Good Actions; Grace

Kartey

Creation

Kaur

Princess; Middle or last name of Sikh Women

 

Keejai

To Feel

Keemat

Price

Keertan

Singing of God's praises. Usually accompanied by a Vaajaa (Harmonium) and a set of Tablas (Drums) with occasional chhainay/kartaala ( cymbols) today. In olden-times, only string instruments were used. Keertan was propogated by the Gurus to be sung in Sangat (see below) in Raag ( measures of music). But, Panth has accepted the use of Gursikhi-oriented tunes for this purpose. NOTE: The central idea is always to sing the praises of the almighty.

Kesh uncut hair signifies acceptance of the natural form God gave the wearer, but also makes Sikhs (particularly men, who would cover it with a turban) stand out in a crowd. Finally Kirpan is a short sword. This symbol highlights the fact that Khalsa Sikhs should be prepared to defend the oppressed.

Kes

Unshorn Hair

Kesgard Sahib

Located in Anandpur Sahib, Punjab. It is the Birthplace of the Khalsa.

Khalistan "Land of the Pure", the independent Sikh homeland Sikh separatists are aiming to create in Punjab.

Khalsa "the Pure". The core community of committed, initiated men and women within the wider Sikh faith. Khalsa Sikhs wear the 5Ks as an outward sign of their commitment and follow a code of conduct which amongst other things bans smoking and requires daily meditation on certain prayers. The Khalsa was founded by Guru Gobind Singh in 1699 and has greatly influenced Sikh identity and ethics.

Khand

Realm

Khandaa

Double-edged Sword Khalsa symbol often seen on Sikh gurdwaras, with a vertical two-edged sword, two kirpans on each side and a quoit surrounding it.

 

Khasam

Master

Khatri merchant, one of Punjab's occupational caste groups

 

Khima

Forgiveness

 

Kilvikh

Sin

Kirpaa

Grace

Kirpaan

Sword

 

Koordai

Untruth

Kot

Million

Kudrat

Nature; GOD

Kul(u)

Descendent; Offspring

Kundalini yoga the type of yoga taught by the 3HO Foundation and practised by many American converts to Sikhism.

Kurbaarnee

Sacrifice

Kurehit

Imfringement of Amrit

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Laadhey

To Find

Laae

To Engage

Laahaa

Profit

Laavan(n)

Particular shabads relating to four stages in attaing God; Also these shabads are recited at the Sikh marriage ceremonies

Laj Honor

 

Langar

the free community meal served at Sikh gurdwaras for all takers regardless of caste or creed. A potent symbol of the social equality taught by the Sikh Gurus. masands administrators used by the earlier Sikh Gurus. Many were corrupt, and Guru Gobind Singh disbanded them after the foundation of the Khalsa.

Leykaa

Account

Lokey

World

Livtaar

Love

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Madhey

Amidst

Mah(i)

In

Manji

One of the 22 Districts created by 3^rd Guru ji for preaching Sikhism

 

Manji Sahib

The Cot for Sri Guru Granth Sahib ji

 

Manmat

Doing according own mind in lieu of Guru jis’ teachings

 

Maya

Multifarious Beings & Entities

 

Manoorai

Rustation

Meyl

Union

Meyt

To Undo

Mithi-aa-ee

Sweet

Milaaie

To Unite

Miri

        Temporal power

Moarn

Self-Conceit

Mool

Root

Moorat

Being; "image"

Moordaa

Unwise

Mukhduaar

Gate of Salvation

Mukh jathedar the highest-ranking decision-maker at the Akal Takht, whose religious rulings are seen as binding for Sikhs worldwide.

Muktey-a(n)

40 Persons Who Deserted 10^th Guru ji- Later Achieved Martyrdom

Mukti

Salvation

Mool Mantar

A short verse written by Guru Nanak which contains essential teachings about the nature of God and has been referred to as the creed of the Sikhs. It appears at the beginning of the Guru Granth Sahib.
Ek onkar satnam karta purukh, nirbhau, nirvair, akal murat, ajuni, saibham, Gurprasad.
It can be paraphrased, but is believed to be beyond translation. "One true and universal creator, all powerful, without fear and without hatred. God is eternal and infinite. Self existent and known only by grace."

 

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Naar

Bride

Nadar

Grace

Namdhari Sikhs A reform group which developed in the 19th century. As Namdharis have a living Guru, many mainstream Sikhs do not accept them as Sikhs.

Nam simran the devotional practice of meditating on the Divine Name; being conscious of, and attentive to, God.

Nar(u)

Man

Nichaal

Stable

Nidhaan(i)

Treasure

Nihaal

Happy

Nihangs

Sikh warriors who are often heavily armed and wear elaborate turbans. They see themselves in the tradition of Guru Gobind Singh's Khalsa army. Many lead a semi-nomadic lifestyle.

 

Nimaani-a(n)-De-Maan

Oh God! Honor of The Meek

 

Nimrata

Humility, Benevolence

 

Nioati-a(n)-Di-Oat

Oh God! The Savior of The Unprotected

Nirankar formless

 

Nitaani-a(n)-De-Taan

Oh God! Strength of The Weak

Nirbaarney

Unaffected

Niraml

Without

Nistaaraa

Freed

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Ootam

Deep,High

Operation Blue Star the Indian army attack on the Golden Temple in Amritsar in June 1984.

 

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Paapee

Vicious

Paaras(u)

Philosopher's Stone

Padaarathh

Wealth

Pakhaalee

To Shampoo, To Clean

Panj Piare "Five Beloved Ones", originally the five men who volunteered to give their lives when the Khalsa was founded. Nowadays, five people symbolizing the panj piare officiate at Khalsa initiation ceremonies and on other occasions, such as Vaisakhi celebrations.

Panth

Community. The whole Sikh community is considered the Panth. A Way of Living- Khalsa Panth; A Collection Of Amritdharis

 

Paraanee

Pure

Paraat

To Obtain

Pariaa

To Enter

Parkaash

Oppenning of Sri Guru Granth Sahib ji in the morning or after transporting for a ceremony or congregation

 

Parteet

Confidence

Sri Patna Sahib

Located in Patna, Bihar. It is the birthplace of Sri Guru Singh Ji.

Pauri

Related portions (Steps) of a Vaar; Baani "Jap"; or a Sloke

 

Phalaa

Reward

Phikhai

Bitter

Po(n)n

Donating

Poorab(i)

Primal; First

Poorey

Perfect

Pothi Book

Prabh

GOD

Pragattey

Become Obvious

Preet

Intense Love

Prem

Love

 

Prithm

First of All

 

Puneet

Pure

Punjab region in South Asia which today straddles India and Pakistan. Birthplace of the Sikh faith.

Purakh

Person

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Raag

Rag a musical form used in Sikh worship

 

Rach(u)

Absorb

Rahaa

Absorbed

Rahit Nama the Khalsa code of conduct Saint Soldiers With the foundation of the Khalsa, Guru Gobind Singh instructed all initiates to be saint soldiers - devoutly following the teachings of the 10 Gurus while being prepared to take up arms for the oppressed as a last resort.

Rahu-Reet

Way of Life

 

Ra(n)g(i)

Love

Rasnaa

Tongue

Rehit

Lifestyle

Rehraas occupation of meditation on Lord's Name.

 

Rumaala(s)

Piece(s) of Cloth used in covering Sri Guru Granth Sahib ji

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Saadhey

To Conquer

Saajan

Friend

Saaee

Bride

Saalaahee

To Praise

Saalaahih

To Praise

Saar

Elevated,Grandeur

Sabad

Verse from Sri Guru Granth Sahib ji

 

Sabar

Continence

 

Sabhaagaa

Fortunate

Sach Khand

The Realm of The Truth. Wherein exists the Formless.

Sadaa

For Ever

Sadka

Sacrifice; Self-Devotion To God

 

Sagal

All

Sagar

Ocean

Sahaj (Turiya)

State of mind which is in cosmic equilibirium- Bliss

 

Sahas

Thousands

Samaaou

To Be Absorbed

Sangat

Congregation. This word is often used to describe any group which is predominantly Sikh and oriented towards Gursikhi (see below), such as SSA sangat. The proper usage, as explained by GuruSaahib in the tuk ( line from Gurbaanee (see below)); ||SAT SANGAT KAISEE JAANEEAI, JITHAI AYKO NAAM VEKHAANIA|| is that the true Sangat is that which only observes meditation on the ONE SUPREME BEING. However, the use of SAADH-SANGAT ( congregation of holy beings) or SAT-SANGAT (the true congregation) is often used to indicate the difference.

 

Sa(n)jog(i)

Destiny

Sansar

World

Sanskaar

Ceremony

 

Santokh

Contentment

Sant sipahi "Saint Soldiers"

 

Saram Khand

The Realm of Spirtual Grace. Wherein exists those that have attained the spirtual levels.

Saran

Asylum, Shelter

Sarbat-Da Bhala

Well-Being Of All

 

Sarb-Loh

All-Iron

 

Sat

Truth

Sati the Hindu custom of burning a widow at her husband's funeral pyre

Sat Nam "Your Name is Truth", an expression which is part of Guru Nanak's Mul mantra and often appears in Sikh chants

 

Satsang

Fellowship or company of true beleivers; Association with holy persons

 

Savaararnhaar

Reformer

Savaaree

Adorned

Sehra

A decorative headband

 

Seva or Sewa

Service of Mankind; Doing Chowr; Reading Sri Guru Granth Sahib ji

 

Sayvak

Slave

Shabd or Shabad

Hymn; a word consisting of letters

Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee abv. SGPC. A powerful religious committee in Amritsar which administers the historic gurdwaras in Punjab and appoints the chief jathedar. It also propagates the Sikh faith.

Shromani Jatha

Supreme Group

 

Sidak

Faith

 

sikh

Disciple. Although you can be a Sikh (learner) of anything/anyone, this word has been adopted by the followers of Guru Nanak Dev's philosophy to denote themselves as the SIKHS-students of Guru.

 

  Sikh Dharma an organisation founded in the United States in the late 1960s for American converts to the Sikh faith.

Simar

to remeber; Miss Someone With Extreme Affection/Love/Devotion

 

Simran

Contemplation & Rememberance of God

 

Singh

Lion; Middle or last name of Sikh Men; A Sikh Male

 

Singhni

Sikh Female

 

Sio

With

Slok

A form of verse in Sri Guru Granth Sahib ji

 

So-ee

That, Him

Sohelaa

Peace, Paradise

Soora

Hero

Sukh-Aasan

Closing of Sri Guru Ganth Sahib ji for the day prior to transporting

 

Sunehra

A pot with flat-bottom surface and open-round top used to stablize a rounded-bottom pot (Baatta) placed on top of it to prepare Amrit

Surat

Consciousness

Surneh

Accounted

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Taakee

His

Taardaa

Saves

Taarn(u)

Self-Strength

Tabiaa

In Service of; To sit behind Sri Guru Granth Sahib ji & do Seva

 

Tahal

Service

Taj(i)

To Aviod; To Abstain

Tan

Body

Tankhaah

A Fault; Punshishment to perform Seva

 

Tankhaaiayya

One who is at fault

 

Tappee-a(n)

Those Who Considered God’s Will As A Gift Even Under Extreme Sufferings; Gur-Seva is Considered Supreme Tapp

 

Tariaaa

To Cross

Teg Chala-ee

Weilded Sword in Bravery

Tera the number 13 in Punjabi. Sounds like "I am yours", which induced Guru Nanak to drop into meditation over his accountancy.

 

Tin

Their

Tis

Him

Tosha Khaana

jewellery room

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Un

They

Undithtaa-Kitaa

To Forgive; Knowingly Ignore Bad Qualities of Others

 

Upajey

To Produce, Merge

Ustat

Praise

Utaari(a)n(i)

Absorbed

Utam

Exalted

Utarai

Depart

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Vadbhaagee

Fortunate Ones

Vadiaaee

Honor

Vasai

To Abide

Vasiaa

Take Abode

Vaaheguru

God; Akal Purakh

 

Vaak

A verse from Sri Guru Granth Sahib ji- Generally taken at the time of Parkaash or Sukh-Aasan

 

Vaar

Set of Verses from Sri Guru Granth Sahib ji for a complete theme- Sung to the tune of ballads.

 

Vaaree

Sacrifice

Vaheguru  see Waheguru

Vairaag

State of sorrowness when detatched fromor separated from one’s beloved

Vaisakhi

  the Spring harvest festival in Punjab. The Khalsa was founded on Vaisakhi day 1699. Today Vaisakhi is the time of year when Sikhs remember the foundation of the Khalsa with services at their gurdwaras and, in some places, colourful processions.

Veechaar

To Meditate On

Vidya

Education; knowledge

Visaah

Unshakable Trust

Vittoh

Unot

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Waheguru  "Glorious Lord", a way of addressing God.

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Yogi Bhajan a Punjabi Sikh and founder of the 3HO Foundation and Sikh Dharma.

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